In the vast expanse of the universe, hydrogen is the lightest and simplest known element. However, the power of hydrogen can not be underestimated, it is like a green magician with infinite magic, can be incarnated as a clean and efficient energy source - hydrogen energy. Its magic comes from a simple but magical chemical reaction - when hydrogen and oxygen meet, they combine to form water and release energy.
       Hydrogen's magical journey begins and ends with water. By electrolysis of water, we can separate the hydrogen from the water and get pure hydrogen. This hydrogen is stored in high-pressure vessels, which act like magic balls of energy, providing green, sustainable power for our lives.
As a clean, efficient and renewable form of energy, hydrogen plays an important role in promoting the process of carbon peak and carbon neutrality. Hydrogen energy has the characteristics of high energy conversion rate, high calorific value of combustion, clean zero emissions, wide sources, and various forms of utilization, and is an ideal interconnection medium to promote the clean and efficient use of traditional fossil energy and support the large-scale development of renewable energy. The promotion and application of hydrogen energy in the fields of transportation, industry and construction can effectively reduce the consumption of fossil energy and greenhouse gas emissions.
       China Hydrogen Energy Alliance forecast: by 2025, China's hydrogen energy industry output value will reach 1 trillion yuan; By 2050, the demand for hydrogen is close to 60 million tons, the carbon dioxide emission reduction can be achieved of about 700 million tons, and the annual output value of the hydrogen energy industry chain will reach 12 trillion yuan. At present, China actively carries out key core technology research in the field of hydrogen energy, has formed a relatively complete hydrogen energy industry chain, and has mastered core technologies such as hydrogen fuel cells and their key components, power systems, vehicle integration and hydrogen energy infrastructure.       A hydrogen fuel cell is a device that converts chemical energy directly into electricity, working in a reverse reaction similar to electrolysis of water. In hydrogen fuel cells, hydrogen is used as fuel to generate electricity through proton exchange membrane after electrochemical reaction with oxygen. Unlike lead-acid and lithium batteries, which are currently widely used in new energy vehicles and electric bicycles, hydrogen fuel cells are a power generation system, while lead-acid and lithium batteries are electrical energy storage devices that need to be charged before use, and then the stored energy is released.
      Hydrogen fuel cell has wide application prospect. In the field of transportation, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles have the advantages of zero emissions and long driving range. In the field of stationary power generation, hydrogen fuel cells can provide a stable, clean power supply for commercial buildings, industrial parks and remote areas. In addition, hydrogen fuel cells can also be used in aerospace, healthcare and education to promote green transformation in various industries.
In 2021, the "White Paper on the Development of China's Hydrogen fuel cell heavy truck Industry" released by Roland Berger Management Consulting pointed out that hydrogen fuel cells are widely used downstream, in addition to transportation, can also be applied to portable batteries, power generation and building energy storage, but road vehicles will become the core of the future. Among them, commercial vehicles have relatively fixed route scenarios, less demand for hydrogen refueling stations, and their application scenarios and required conditions are more suitable for the technical characteristics and industrial basis of hydrogen fuel cells, so commercial vehicles will become the development focus of hydrogen fuel cells in the future.
      Specifically, in the early stage of market development, due to the relatively high cost of hydrogen fuel cells and the low power of the system and stack, buses and light logistics vehicles have become the main models of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. In the medium and long term, hydrogen-fueled heavy trucks are the main body, especially with the increase of power of electric piles and the inclination of hydrogen fuel cell policy subsidies to heavy trucks, the development of hydrogen energy heavy trucks is expected to enter the accelerated development range from 2025 to 2030.
        However, in the operation practice of hydrogen commercial vehicles, the actual operating life of the fuel cell system is often lower than the life of the stack, such as improper system control, insufficient reaction conditions, low temperature start and stop, intake impurities and other factors will reduce the operating life of the fuel cell system. This problem also seriously restricts the large-scale promotion of fuel cell commercial vehicles.